Complete mitochondrial genomes from museum specimens clarify millipede evolution in the Eastern Arc Mountains
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Complete mitochondrial genomes from museum specimens clarify millipede evolution in the Eastern Arc Mountains. / Nielsen, Martin; Margaryan, Ashot; Nielsen, Tejs Lind; Enghoff, Henrik; Allentoft, Morten E.
In: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Vol. 196, No. 2, 2022, p. 924-939.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Complete mitochondrial genomes from museum specimens clarify millipede evolution in the Eastern Arc Mountains
AU - Nielsen, Martin
AU - Margaryan, Ashot
AU - Nielsen, Tejs Lind
AU - Enghoff, Henrik
AU - Allentoft, Morten E.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - The Eastern Arc Mountains in Tanzania represent a hotspot for biological diversity of global importance. The level of endemism is high, and Eastern Arc biodiversity has been studied extensively in vertebrates and invertebrates, including millipedes. However, millipede evolution is vastly understudied at the molecular level. Therefore, we used next-generation 'shotgun' sequencing to obtain mitochondrial genome sequences of 26 museum specimens, representing six genera and 12 millipede species found across the Eastern Arc Mountains. Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods yielded consistent topologies with high node support, confirming a high level of congruence between molecular and morphological analyses. The only exception was a Tropostreptus sigmatospinus individual from Zanzibar, which was placed outside an otherwise monophyletic group consisting of mainland individuals of the same assumed species. For two species with a distribution across several mountain blocks (Tropostreptus sigmatospinus and Tropostreptus hamatus), each mountain population represents a distinct monophyletic lineage. In contrast, we also observe that distinct species exist sympatrically in the same montane forests, indicative of older speciation events that are not defined by current forest distribution. Our results are important for understanding speciation mechanisms in montane rain forests and highlight that ethanol-preserved invertebrates exhibit a tremendous potential for genomic analyses.
AB - The Eastern Arc Mountains in Tanzania represent a hotspot for biological diversity of global importance. The level of endemism is high, and Eastern Arc biodiversity has been studied extensively in vertebrates and invertebrates, including millipedes. However, millipede evolution is vastly understudied at the molecular level. Therefore, we used next-generation 'shotgun' sequencing to obtain mitochondrial genome sequences of 26 museum specimens, representing six genera and 12 millipede species found across the Eastern Arc Mountains. Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods yielded consistent topologies with high node support, confirming a high level of congruence between molecular and morphological analyses. The only exception was a Tropostreptus sigmatospinus individual from Zanzibar, which was placed outside an otherwise monophyletic group consisting of mainland individuals of the same assumed species. For two species with a distribution across several mountain blocks (Tropostreptus sigmatospinus and Tropostreptus hamatus), each mountain population represents a distinct monophyletic lineage. In contrast, we also observe that distinct species exist sympatrically in the same montane forests, indicative of older speciation events that are not defined by current forest distribution. Our results are important for understanding speciation mechanisms in montane rain forests and highlight that ethanol-preserved invertebrates exhibit a tremendous potential for genomic analyses.
KW - Diplopoda
KW - mitogenomes
KW - museomics
KW - shotgun sequencing
KW - Tanzania
KW - DNA
KW - DIPLOPODA
KW - SPIROSTREPTIDA
KW - GENUS
KW - SPECIATION
KW - PHYLOGENY
KW - HISTORY
KW - LABOULBENIALES
KW - BIOGEOGRAPHY
KW - CHAMELEONS
U2 - 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac058
DO - 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac058
M3 - Journal article
VL - 196
SP - 924
EP - 939
JO - Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
JF - Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
SN - 0024-4082
IS - 2
ER -
ID: 320749621