Formation of crevasse-squeeze ridges at Trygghamna, Svalbard
Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
Standard
Formation of crevasse-squeeze ridges at Trygghamna, Svalbard. / Ben-Yehoshua, Daniel; Aradóttir, Nína; Farnsworth, Wesley R.; Benediktsson, Ívar Örn; Ingólfsson, Ólafur.
In: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, Vol. 48, No. 12, 2023, p. 2334-2348.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
Harvard
APA
Vancouver
Author
Bibtex
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
T1 - Formation of crevasse-squeeze ridges at Trygghamna, Svalbard
AU - Ben-Yehoshua, Daniel
AU - Aradóttir, Nína
AU - Farnsworth, Wesley R.
AU - Benediktsson, Ívar Örn
AU - Ingólfsson, Ólafur
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Crevasse-squeeze ridges (CSRs) are landforms that have been unequivocally linked to surge-type glaciers. The formation of CSRs has been discussed since they were first defined in the mid-1980s. Here, we describe geometric CSR networks from the terrestrial glacier forefields of two glaciers in Trygghamna, Western Svalbard. No glacier surges have been observed in Trygghamna; however, the presence of the CSRs signifies past surge activity. Detailed geomorphological maps were constructed, and the spatial context of these landforms described. Cross-sections of several CSRs highlight ridge architecture, structure and relationships to surrounding landforms and sediments. Most CSRs are symmetrical in cross-profile, orientated perpendicular or oblique to the ice-flow direction. Like previous investigations, we observe these ridge networks on top of till and flutes. Additionally, we, for the first time, document CSRs deposited directly on non-glaciogenic subsurfaces, namely, beach gravels and bedrock. Our findings confirm previous CSR formation theories; basal sediments are squeezed into bottom-up crevasses during surges, which are subsequently transported englacially until surge termination and are finally released by melt out from stagnant ice. Consequently, a network of CSRs is the product of a significant reorganisation and down-glacier transport of basal sediment, exemplifying how single surges are agents of glacial sediment redistribution. These formation processes are illustrated in a refined schematic model. The results further contemporary understanding of CSRs in terrestrial surge-type glacier settings and may also apply to landforms and sediments in certain marine settings and palaeoglacial environments.
AB - Crevasse-squeeze ridges (CSRs) are landforms that have been unequivocally linked to surge-type glaciers. The formation of CSRs has been discussed since they were first defined in the mid-1980s. Here, we describe geometric CSR networks from the terrestrial glacier forefields of two glaciers in Trygghamna, Western Svalbard. No glacier surges have been observed in Trygghamna; however, the presence of the CSRs signifies past surge activity. Detailed geomorphological maps were constructed, and the spatial context of these landforms described. Cross-sections of several CSRs highlight ridge architecture, structure and relationships to surrounding landforms and sediments. Most CSRs are symmetrical in cross-profile, orientated perpendicular or oblique to the ice-flow direction. Like previous investigations, we observe these ridge networks on top of till and flutes. Additionally, we, for the first time, document CSRs deposited directly on non-glaciogenic subsurfaces, namely, beach gravels and bedrock. Our findings confirm previous CSR formation theories; basal sediments are squeezed into bottom-up crevasses during surges, which are subsequently transported englacially until surge termination and are finally released by melt out from stagnant ice. Consequently, a network of CSRs is the product of a significant reorganisation and down-glacier transport of basal sediment, exemplifying how single surges are agents of glacial sediment redistribution. These formation processes are illustrated in a refined schematic model. The results further contemporary understanding of CSRs in terrestrial surge-type glacier settings and may also apply to landforms and sediments in certain marine settings and palaeoglacial environments.
KW - crevasse fill ridges
KW - crevasse-squeeze ridges
KW - glacier retreat
KW - landform formation
KW - ridge networks
KW - subglacial processes
KW - surging glacier
KW - Svalbard
U2 - 10.1002/esp.5631
DO - 10.1002/esp.5631
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85161303644
VL - 48
SP - 2334
EP - 2348
JO - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
JF - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
SN - 0197-9337
IS - 12
ER -
ID: 357050536