Is it hot enough? A multi-proxy approach shows variations in cremation conditions during the Metal Ages in Belgium

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

Standard

Is it hot enough? A multi-proxy approach shows variations in cremation conditions during the Metal Ages in Belgium. / Stamataki, Elisavet; Kontopoulos, Ioannis; Salesse, Kevin; McMillan, Rhy; Veselka, Barbara; Sabaux, Charlotte; Annaert, Rica; Boudin, Mathieu; Capuzzo, Giacomo; Claeys, Philippe; Dalle, Sarah; Hlad, Marta; Sengeløv, Amanda; Vercauteren, Martine; Warmenbol, Eugène; Tys, Dries; De Mulder, Guy; Snoeck, Christophe.

In: Journal of Archaeological Science, Vol. 136, 105509, 2021.

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

Harvard

Stamataki, E, Kontopoulos, I, Salesse, K, McMillan, R, Veselka, B, Sabaux, C, Annaert, R, Boudin, M, Capuzzo, G, Claeys, P, Dalle, S, Hlad, M, Sengeløv, A, Vercauteren, M, Warmenbol, E, Tys, D, De Mulder, G & Snoeck, C 2021, 'Is it hot enough? A multi-proxy approach shows variations in cremation conditions during the Metal Ages in Belgium', Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 136, 105509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2021.105509

APA

Stamataki, E., Kontopoulos, I., Salesse, K., McMillan, R., Veselka, B., Sabaux, C., Annaert, R., Boudin, M., Capuzzo, G., Claeys, P., Dalle, S., Hlad, M., Sengeløv, A., Vercauteren, M., Warmenbol, E., Tys, D., De Mulder, G., & Snoeck, C. (2021). Is it hot enough? A multi-proxy approach shows variations in cremation conditions during the Metal Ages in Belgium. Journal of Archaeological Science, 136, [105509]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2021.105509

Vancouver

Stamataki E, Kontopoulos I, Salesse K, McMillan R, Veselka B, Sabaux C et al. Is it hot enough? A multi-proxy approach shows variations in cremation conditions during the Metal Ages in Belgium. Journal of Archaeological Science. 2021;136. 105509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2021.105509

Author

Stamataki, Elisavet ; Kontopoulos, Ioannis ; Salesse, Kevin ; McMillan, Rhy ; Veselka, Barbara ; Sabaux, Charlotte ; Annaert, Rica ; Boudin, Mathieu ; Capuzzo, Giacomo ; Claeys, Philippe ; Dalle, Sarah ; Hlad, Marta ; Sengeløv, Amanda ; Vercauteren, Martine ; Warmenbol, Eugène ; Tys, Dries ; De Mulder, Guy ; Snoeck, Christophe. / Is it hot enough? A multi-proxy approach shows variations in cremation conditions during the Metal Ages in Belgium. In: Journal of Archaeological Science. 2021 ; Vol. 136.

Bibtex

@article{67a287393f7744589da369741ec94a99,
title = "Is it hot enough? A multi-proxy approach shows variations in cremation conditions during the Metal Ages in Belgium",
abstract = "Studies of funerary practices provide information about many aspects of death in past societies. However, only limited archaeological evidence documents the circumstances under which cremations occurred and the person(s) who were performing the funerary rituals. Lying at the border between Atlantic and Continental cultural traditions, the Scheldt and Meuse basins of Belgium represent a unique location to investigate variations in ancient pyre technology and body management, as well as the transfer of knowledge related to cremation techniques during the Metal Ages (ca. 2100-52 BCE). The combined use of Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of different skeletal elements from cremation deposits from four archaeological sites clearly shows differences between the Meuse and Scheldt basins. Different wood availability or selection, and variations in the skills and/or experience of the cremation operator may explain these results. These observed differences are likely linked to ways in which cremation was performed in the two basins, indicating that during the Metal Ages, burning processes were not homogeneous in the Belgian region. Instead, cremation practices appear to align with the different cultural influences also observed in ceramics and bronze artifacts from the same time period. These observed differences in funerary practices between the two basins in Belgium show the immense potential of combining infrared and carbon and oxygen isotope analyses to investigate cremation rituals in any period and region around the world.",
keywords = "Carbon & oxygen isotope analysis, Cremated bones, Early iron age, FTIR-ATR, Late bronze age",
author = "Elisavet Stamataki and Ioannis Kontopoulos and Kevin Salesse and Rhy McMillan and Barbara Veselka and Charlotte Sabaux and Rica Annaert and Mathieu Boudin and Giacomo Capuzzo and Philippe Claeys and Sarah Dalle and Marta Hlad and Amanda Sengel{\o}v and Martine Vercauteren and Eug{\`e}ne Warmenbol and Dries Tys and {De Mulder}, Guy and Christophe Snoeck",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2021",
doi = "10.1016/j.jas.2021.105509",
language = "English",
volume = "136",
journal = "Journal of Archaeological Science",
issn = "0305-4403",
publisher = "Academic Press",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Is it hot enough? A multi-proxy approach shows variations in cremation conditions during the Metal Ages in Belgium

AU - Stamataki, Elisavet

AU - Kontopoulos, Ioannis

AU - Salesse, Kevin

AU - McMillan, Rhy

AU - Veselka, Barbara

AU - Sabaux, Charlotte

AU - Annaert, Rica

AU - Boudin, Mathieu

AU - Capuzzo, Giacomo

AU - Claeys, Philippe

AU - Dalle, Sarah

AU - Hlad, Marta

AU - Sengeløv, Amanda

AU - Vercauteren, Martine

AU - Warmenbol, Eugène

AU - Tys, Dries

AU - De Mulder, Guy

AU - Snoeck, Christophe

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Studies of funerary practices provide information about many aspects of death in past societies. However, only limited archaeological evidence documents the circumstances under which cremations occurred and the person(s) who were performing the funerary rituals. Lying at the border between Atlantic and Continental cultural traditions, the Scheldt and Meuse basins of Belgium represent a unique location to investigate variations in ancient pyre technology and body management, as well as the transfer of knowledge related to cremation techniques during the Metal Ages (ca. 2100-52 BCE). The combined use of Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of different skeletal elements from cremation deposits from four archaeological sites clearly shows differences between the Meuse and Scheldt basins. Different wood availability or selection, and variations in the skills and/or experience of the cremation operator may explain these results. These observed differences are likely linked to ways in which cremation was performed in the two basins, indicating that during the Metal Ages, burning processes were not homogeneous in the Belgian region. Instead, cremation practices appear to align with the different cultural influences also observed in ceramics and bronze artifacts from the same time period. These observed differences in funerary practices between the two basins in Belgium show the immense potential of combining infrared and carbon and oxygen isotope analyses to investigate cremation rituals in any period and region around the world.

AB - Studies of funerary practices provide information about many aspects of death in past societies. However, only limited archaeological evidence documents the circumstances under which cremations occurred and the person(s) who were performing the funerary rituals. Lying at the border between Atlantic and Continental cultural traditions, the Scheldt and Meuse basins of Belgium represent a unique location to investigate variations in ancient pyre technology and body management, as well as the transfer of knowledge related to cremation techniques during the Metal Ages (ca. 2100-52 BCE). The combined use of Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of different skeletal elements from cremation deposits from four archaeological sites clearly shows differences between the Meuse and Scheldt basins. Different wood availability or selection, and variations in the skills and/or experience of the cremation operator may explain these results. These observed differences are likely linked to ways in which cremation was performed in the two basins, indicating that during the Metal Ages, burning processes were not homogeneous in the Belgian region. Instead, cremation practices appear to align with the different cultural influences also observed in ceramics and bronze artifacts from the same time period. These observed differences in funerary practices between the two basins in Belgium show the immense potential of combining infrared and carbon and oxygen isotope analyses to investigate cremation rituals in any period and region around the world.

KW - Carbon & oxygen isotope analysis

KW - Cremated bones

KW - Early iron age

KW - FTIR-ATR

KW - Late bronze age

U2 - 10.1016/j.jas.2021.105509

DO - 10.1016/j.jas.2021.105509

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85117878671

VL - 136

JO - Journal of Archaeological Science

JF - Journal of Archaeological Science

SN - 0305-4403

M1 - 105509

ER -

ID: 285248797