Snapshot isolation and isolation history challenge the analogy between mountains and islands used to understand endemism

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Snapshot isolation and isolation history challenge the analogy between mountains and islands used to understand endemism. / Flantua, Suzette G. A.; Payne, Davnah; Borregaard, Michael K.; Beierkuhnlein, Carl; Steinbauer, Manuel J.; Dullinger, Stefan; Essl, Franz; Irl, Severin D. H.; Kienle, David; Kreft, Holger; Lenzner, Bernd; Norder, Sietze J.; Rijsdijk, Kenneth F.; Rumpf, Sabine B.; Weigelt, Patrick; Field, Richard.

In: Global Ecology and Biogeography, Vol. 29, No. 10, 2020, p. 1651-1673.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Flantua, SGA, Payne, D, Borregaard, MK, Beierkuhnlein, C, Steinbauer, MJ, Dullinger, S, Essl, F, Irl, SDH, Kienle, D, Kreft, H, Lenzner, B, Norder, SJ, Rijsdijk, KF, Rumpf, SB, Weigelt, P & Field, R 2020, 'Snapshot isolation and isolation history challenge the analogy between mountains and islands used to understand endemism', Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 1651-1673. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13155

APA

Flantua, S. G. A., Payne, D., Borregaard, M. K., Beierkuhnlein, C., Steinbauer, M. J., Dullinger, S., Essl, F., Irl, S. D. H., Kienle, D., Kreft, H., Lenzner, B., Norder, S. J., Rijsdijk, K. F., Rumpf, S. B., Weigelt, P., & Field, R. (2020). Snapshot isolation and isolation history challenge the analogy between mountains and islands used to understand endemism. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 29(10), 1651-1673. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13155

Vancouver

Flantua SGA, Payne D, Borregaard MK, Beierkuhnlein C, Steinbauer MJ, Dullinger S et al. Snapshot isolation and isolation history challenge the analogy between mountains and islands used to understand endemism. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 2020;29(10):1651-1673. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13155

Author

Flantua, Suzette G. A. ; Payne, Davnah ; Borregaard, Michael K. ; Beierkuhnlein, Carl ; Steinbauer, Manuel J. ; Dullinger, Stefan ; Essl, Franz ; Irl, Severin D. H. ; Kienle, David ; Kreft, Holger ; Lenzner, Bernd ; Norder, Sietze J. ; Rijsdijk, Kenneth F. ; Rumpf, Sabine B. ; Weigelt, Patrick ; Field, Richard. / Snapshot isolation and isolation history challenge the analogy between mountains and islands used to understand endemism. In: Global Ecology and Biogeography. 2020 ; Vol. 29, No. 10. pp. 1651-1673.

Bibtex

@article{adfbae848bf1485f98924bfe36500834,
title = "Snapshot isolation and isolation history challenge the analogy between mountains and islands used to understand endemism",
abstract = "Aim Mountains and islands are both well known for their high endemism. To explain this similarity, parallels have been drawn between the insularity of {"}true islands{"} (land surrounded by water) and the isolation of habitats within mountains (so-called {"}mountain islands{"}). However, parallels rarely go much beyond the observation that mountaintops are isolated from one another, as are true islands. Here, we challenge the analogy between mountains and true islands by re-evaluating the literature, focusing on isolation (the prime mechanism underlying species endemism by restricting gene flow) from a dynamic perspective over space and time. Framework We base our conceptualization of {"}isolation{"} on the arguments that no biological system is completely isolated; instead, isolation has multiple spatial and temporal dimensions relating to biological and environmental processes. We distinguish four key dimensions of isolation: (a) environmental difference from surroundings; (b) geographical distance to equivalent environment [points (a) and (b) are combined as {"}snapshot isolation{"}]; (c) continuity of isolation in space and time; and (d) total time over which isolation has been present [points (c) and (d) are combined as {"}isolation history{"}]. We evaluate the importance of each dimension in different types of mountains and true islands, demonstrating that substantial differences exist in the nature of isolation between and within each type. In particular, different types differ in their initial isolation and in the dynamic trajectories they follow, with distinct phases of varying isolation that interact with species traits over time to form present-day patterns of endemism. Conclusions Our spatio-temporal definition of isolation suggests that the analogy between true islands and mountain islands masks important variation of isolation over long time-scales. Our understanding of endemism in isolated systems can be greatly enriched if the dynamic spatio-temporal dimensions of isolation enter models as explanatory variables and if these models account for the trajectories of the history of a system.",
keywords = "endemic species, flickering connectivity system, geological ontogeny, glacial-interglacial fluctuations, island biogeography, isolation, mountain islands, palaeoclimate, past connectivity, sky islands, GENERAL DYNAMIC-MODEL, LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM, SEA-LEVEL, SPECIES RICHNESS, COMPARATIVE PHYLOGEOGRAPHY, LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY, BIODIVERSITY DYNAMICS, ELEVATIONAL GRADIENTS, HABITAT AVAILABILITY, PLANT DIVERSITY",
author = "Flantua, {Suzette G. A.} and Davnah Payne and Borregaard, {Michael K.} and Carl Beierkuhnlein and Steinbauer, {Manuel J.} and Stefan Dullinger and Franz Essl and Irl, {Severin D. H.} and David Kienle and Holger Kreft and Bernd Lenzner and Norder, {Sietze J.} and Rijsdijk, {Kenneth F.} and Rumpf, {Sabine B.} and Patrick Weigelt and Richard Field",
year = "2020",
doi = "10.1111/geb.13155",
language = "English",
volume = "29",
pages = "1651--1673",
journal = "Global Ecology and Biogeography",
issn = "1466-822X",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "10",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Snapshot isolation and isolation history challenge the analogy between mountains and islands used to understand endemism

AU - Flantua, Suzette G. A.

AU - Payne, Davnah

AU - Borregaard, Michael K.

AU - Beierkuhnlein, Carl

AU - Steinbauer, Manuel J.

AU - Dullinger, Stefan

AU - Essl, Franz

AU - Irl, Severin D. H.

AU - Kienle, David

AU - Kreft, Holger

AU - Lenzner, Bernd

AU - Norder, Sietze J.

AU - Rijsdijk, Kenneth F.

AU - Rumpf, Sabine B.

AU - Weigelt, Patrick

AU - Field, Richard

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - Aim Mountains and islands are both well known for their high endemism. To explain this similarity, parallels have been drawn between the insularity of "true islands" (land surrounded by water) and the isolation of habitats within mountains (so-called "mountain islands"). However, parallels rarely go much beyond the observation that mountaintops are isolated from one another, as are true islands. Here, we challenge the analogy between mountains and true islands by re-evaluating the literature, focusing on isolation (the prime mechanism underlying species endemism by restricting gene flow) from a dynamic perspective over space and time. Framework We base our conceptualization of "isolation" on the arguments that no biological system is completely isolated; instead, isolation has multiple spatial and temporal dimensions relating to biological and environmental processes. We distinguish four key dimensions of isolation: (a) environmental difference from surroundings; (b) geographical distance to equivalent environment [points (a) and (b) are combined as "snapshot isolation"]; (c) continuity of isolation in space and time; and (d) total time over which isolation has been present [points (c) and (d) are combined as "isolation history"]. We evaluate the importance of each dimension in different types of mountains and true islands, demonstrating that substantial differences exist in the nature of isolation between and within each type. In particular, different types differ in their initial isolation and in the dynamic trajectories they follow, with distinct phases of varying isolation that interact with species traits over time to form present-day patterns of endemism. Conclusions Our spatio-temporal definition of isolation suggests that the analogy between true islands and mountain islands masks important variation of isolation over long time-scales. Our understanding of endemism in isolated systems can be greatly enriched if the dynamic spatio-temporal dimensions of isolation enter models as explanatory variables and if these models account for the trajectories of the history of a system.

AB - Aim Mountains and islands are both well known for their high endemism. To explain this similarity, parallels have been drawn between the insularity of "true islands" (land surrounded by water) and the isolation of habitats within mountains (so-called "mountain islands"). However, parallels rarely go much beyond the observation that mountaintops are isolated from one another, as are true islands. Here, we challenge the analogy between mountains and true islands by re-evaluating the literature, focusing on isolation (the prime mechanism underlying species endemism by restricting gene flow) from a dynamic perspective over space and time. Framework We base our conceptualization of "isolation" on the arguments that no biological system is completely isolated; instead, isolation has multiple spatial and temporal dimensions relating to biological and environmental processes. We distinguish four key dimensions of isolation: (a) environmental difference from surroundings; (b) geographical distance to equivalent environment [points (a) and (b) are combined as "snapshot isolation"]; (c) continuity of isolation in space and time; and (d) total time over which isolation has been present [points (c) and (d) are combined as "isolation history"]. We evaluate the importance of each dimension in different types of mountains and true islands, demonstrating that substantial differences exist in the nature of isolation between and within each type. In particular, different types differ in their initial isolation and in the dynamic trajectories they follow, with distinct phases of varying isolation that interact with species traits over time to form present-day patterns of endemism. Conclusions Our spatio-temporal definition of isolation suggests that the analogy between true islands and mountain islands masks important variation of isolation over long time-scales. Our understanding of endemism in isolated systems can be greatly enriched if the dynamic spatio-temporal dimensions of isolation enter models as explanatory variables and if these models account for the trajectories of the history of a system.

KW - endemic species

KW - flickering connectivity system

KW - geological ontogeny

KW - glacial-interglacial fluctuations

KW - island biogeography

KW - isolation

KW - mountain islands

KW - palaeoclimate

KW - past connectivity

KW - sky islands

KW - GENERAL DYNAMIC-MODEL

KW - LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM

KW - SEA-LEVEL

KW - SPECIES RICHNESS

KW - COMPARATIVE PHYLOGEOGRAPHY

KW - LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY

KW - BIODIVERSITY DYNAMICS

KW - ELEVATIONAL GRADIENTS

KW - HABITAT AVAILABILITY

KW - PLANT DIVERSITY

U2 - 10.1111/geb.13155

DO - 10.1111/geb.13155

M3 - Review

VL - 29

SP - 1651

EP - 1673

JO - Global Ecology and Biogeography

JF - Global Ecology and Biogeography

SN - 1466-822X

IS - 10

ER -

ID: 249060980