TY - JOUR

T1 - The Pencil Code, a modular MPI code for partial differential equations and particles

T2 - multipurpose and multiuser-maintained

AU - Brandenburg, Axel

AU - Johansen, Anders

AU - Bourdin, Philippe A.

AU - Dobler, Wolfgang

AU - Lyra, Wladimir

AU - Rheinhardt, Matthias

AU - Bingert, Sven

AU - Haugen, Nils Erland L.

AU - Mee, Antony

AU - Gent, Frederick

AU - Babkovskaia, Natalia

AU - Yang, Chao-Chin

AU - Heinemann, Tobias

AU - Dintrans, Boris

AU - Mitra, Dhrubaditya

AU - Candelaresi, Simon

AU - Warnecke, Jörn

AU - Käpylä, Petri J.

AU - Schreiber, Andreas

AU - Chatterjee, Piyali

AU - Käpylä, Maarit J.

AU - Li, Xiang-Yu

AU - Krüger, Jonas

AU - Aarnes, Jørgen R.

AU - Sarson, Graeme R.

AU - Oishi, Jeffrey S.

AU - Schober, Jennifer

AU - Plasson, Raphaël

AU - Sandin, Christer

AU - Karchniwy, Ewa

AU - Rodrigues, Luiz Felippe S.

AU - Hubbard, Alexander

AU - Guerrero, Gustavo

AU - Snodin, Andrew

AU - Losada, Illa R.

AU - Pekkilä, Johannes

AU - Qian, Chengeng

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - The Pencil Code is a highly modular physics-oriented simulation code that can be adapted to a wide range of applications. It is primarily designed to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) of compressible hydrodynamics and has lots of add-ons ranging from astrophysical magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) (A. Brandenburg & Dobler, 2010) to meteorological cloud microphysics (Li et al., 2017) and engineering applications in combustion (Babkovskaia et al., 2011). Nevertheless, the framework is general and can also be applied to situations not related to hydrodynamics or even PDEs, for example when just the message passing interface or input/output strategies of the code are to be used. The code can also evolve Lagrangian (inertial and noninertial) particles, their coagulation and condensation, as well as their interaction with the fluid. A related module has also been adapted to perform ray tracing and to solve the eikonal equation.The code is being used for Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical geometries, but further extensions are possible. One can choose between different time stepping schemes and different spatial derivative operators. High-order first and second derivatives are used to deal with weakly compressible turbulent flows. There are also different diffusion operators to allow for both direct numerical simulations (DNS) and various types of large-eddy simulations (LES).

AB - The Pencil Code is a highly modular physics-oriented simulation code that can be adapted to a wide range of applications. It is primarily designed to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) of compressible hydrodynamics and has lots of add-ons ranging from astrophysical magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) (A. Brandenburg & Dobler, 2010) to meteorological cloud microphysics (Li et al., 2017) and engineering applications in combustion (Babkovskaia et al., 2011). Nevertheless, the framework is general and can also be applied to situations not related to hydrodynamics or even PDEs, for example when just the message passing interface or input/output strategies of the code are to be used. The code can also evolve Lagrangian (inertial and noninertial) particles, their coagulation and condensation, as well as their interaction with the fluid. A related module has also been adapted to perform ray tracing and to solve the eikonal equation.The code is being used for Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical geometries, but further extensions are possible. One can choose between different time stepping schemes and different spatial derivative operators. High-order first and second derivatives are used to deal with weakly compressible turbulent flows. There are also different diffusion operators to allow for both direct numerical simulations (DNS) and various types of large-eddy simulations (LES).

U2 - 10.21105/joss.02807

DO - 10.21105/joss.02807

M3 - Journal article

VL - 6

JO - The Journal of Open Source Software

JF - The Journal of Open Source Software

SN - 2475-9066

IS - 58

M1 - 2807

ER -