Evolutionary diversification in the marine realm: A global case study with marine mammals
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Evolutionary diversification in the marine realm : A global case study with marine mammals. / Holt, Ben G.; Marx, Felix G.; Fritz, Susanne A.; Lessard, Jean Philippe; Rahbek, Carsten.
In: Frontiers of Biogeography, Vol. 12, No. 3, 2020, p. 1-14.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Evolutionary diversification in the marine realm
T2 - A global case study with marine mammals
AU - Holt, Ben G.
AU - Marx, Felix G.
AU - Fritz, Susanne A.
AU - Lessard, Jean Philippe
AU - Rahbek, Carsten
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © the authors.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Speciation is thought to be predominantly driven by the geographical separation of populations of the ancestral species. Yet, in the marine realm, there is substantial biological diversity despite a lack of pronounced geographical barriers. Here, we investigate this paradox by considering the biogeography of marine mammals: cetaceans (whales and dolphins) and pinnipeds (seals and sea lions). We test for associations between past evolutionary diversification and current geographical distributions, after accounting for the potential effects of current environmental conditions. In general, cetacean lineages are widely dispersed and show few signs of geographically driven speciation, albeit with some notable exceptions. Pinnipeds, by contrast, show a more mixed pattern, with true seals (phocids) tending to be dispersed, whereas eared seals (otariids) are more geographically clustered. Both cetaceans and pinnipeds show strong evidence for environmental clustering of their phylogenetic lineages in relation to factors such as sea temperature, the extent of sea ice, and nitrate concentrations. Overall, current marine mammal biogeography is not indicative of geographical speciation mechanisms, with environmental factors being more important determinants of current taxonomic distributions. However, geographical isolation appears to have played a role in some important taxa, with evidence from the fossil record showing good support for these cases.
AB - Speciation is thought to be predominantly driven by the geographical separation of populations of the ancestral species. Yet, in the marine realm, there is substantial biological diversity despite a lack of pronounced geographical barriers. Here, we investigate this paradox by considering the biogeography of marine mammals: cetaceans (whales and dolphins) and pinnipeds (seals and sea lions). We test for associations between past evolutionary diversification and current geographical distributions, after accounting for the potential effects of current environmental conditions. In general, cetacean lineages are widely dispersed and show few signs of geographically driven speciation, albeit with some notable exceptions. Pinnipeds, by contrast, show a more mixed pattern, with true seals (phocids) tending to be dispersed, whereas eared seals (otariids) are more geographically clustered. Both cetaceans and pinnipeds show strong evidence for environmental clustering of their phylogenetic lineages in relation to factors such as sea temperature, the extent of sea ice, and nitrate concentrations. Overall, current marine mammal biogeography is not indicative of geographical speciation mechanisms, with environmental factors being more important determinants of current taxonomic distributions. However, geographical isolation appears to have played a role in some important taxa, with evidence from the fossil record showing good support for these cases.
KW - Barriers
KW - Biogeography
KW - Dispersal
KW - Ecology
KW - Evolution
KW - Oceanic
KW - Phylo-betadiversity
KW - Phylogenetic diversity
U2 - 10.21425/F5FBG45184
DO - 10.21425/F5FBG45184
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85092483187
VL - 12
SP - 1
EP - 14
JO - Frontiers of Biogeography
JF - Frontiers of Biogeography
SN - 1948-6596
IS - 3
ER -
ID: 271638004