TY - JOUR

T1 - Grey wolf genomic history reveals a dual ancestry of dogs

AU - Bergström, Anders

AU - Stanton, David W. G.

AU - Taron, Ulrike H.

AU - Frantz, Laurent

AU - Sinding, Mikkel Holger S.

AU - Ersmark, Erik

AU - Pfrengle, Saskia

AU - Cassatt-Johnstone, Molly

AU - Lebrasseur, Ophélie

AU - Girdland-Flink, Linus

AU - Fernandes, Daniel M.

AU - Ollivier, Morgane

AU - Speidel, Leo

AU - Gopalakrishnan, Shyam

AU - Westbury, Michael V.

AU - Ramos-Madrigal, Jazmin

AU - Feuerborn, Tatiana R.

AU - Reiter, Ella

AU - Gretzinger, Joscha

AU - Münzel, Susanne C.

AU - Swali, Pooja

AU - Conard, Nicholas J.

AU - Carøe, Christian

AU - Haile, James

AU - Linderholm, Anna

AU - Androsov, Semyon

AU - Barnes, Ian

AU - Baumann, Chris

AU - Benecke, Norbert

AU - Bocherens, Hervé

AU - Brace, Selina

AU - Carden, Ruth F.

AU - Drucker, Dorothée G

AU - Fedorov, Sergey

AU - Gasparik, Mihály

AU - Germonpré, Mietje

AU - Grigoriev, Semyon

AU - Groves, Pam

AU - Hertwig, Stefan T.

AU - Ivanova, Varvara V.

AU - Janssens, Luc

AU - Jennings, Richard P.

AU - Kasparov, Aleksei K.

AU - Kirillova, Irina V.

AU - Kurmaniyazov, Islam

AU - Kuzmin, Yaroslav V.

AU - Kosintsev, Pavel A.

AU - Lázničková-Galetová, Martina

AU - Leduc, Charlotte

AU - Nikolskiy, Pavel

AU - Nussbaumer, Marc

AU - O’Drisceoil, Cóilín

AU - Orlando, Ludovic

AU - Outram, Alan

AU - Pavlova, Elena Y.

AU - Perri, Angela R.

AU - Pilot, Małgorzata

AU - Pitulko, Vladimir V.

AU - Plotnikov, Valerii V.

AU - Protopopov, Albert V.

AU - Rehazek, André

AU - Sablin, Mikhail

AU - Seguin-Orlando, Andaine

AU - Storå, Jan

AU - Verjux, Christian

AU - Zaibert, Victor F.

AU - Zazula, Grant

AU - Crombé, Philippe

AU - Hansen, Anders J.

AU - Willerslev, Eske

AU - Leonard, Jennifer A.

AU - Götherström, Anders

AU - Pinhasi, Ron

AU - Schuenemann, Verena J.

AU - Hofreiter, Michael

AU - Gilbert, M. Thomas P.

AU - Shapiro, Beth

AU - Larson, Greger

AU - Krause, Johannes

AU - Dalén, Love

AU - Skoglund, Pontus

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - The grey wolf (Canis lupus) was the first species to give rise to a domestic population, and they remained widespread throughout the last Ice Age when many other large mammal species went extinct. Little is known, however, about the history and possible extinction of past wolf populations or when and where the wolf progenitors of the present-day dog lineage (Canis familiaris) lived1–8. Here we analysed 72 ancient wolf genomes spanning the last 100,000 years from Europe, Siberia and North America. We found that wolf populations were highly connected throughout the Late Pleistocene, with levels of differentiation an order of magnitude lower than they are today. This population connectivity allowed us to detect natural selection across the time series, including rapid fixation of mutations in the gene IFT88 40,000–30,000 years ago. We show that dogs are overall more closely related to ancient wolves from eastern Eurasia than to those from western Eurasia, suggesting a domestication process in the east. However, we also found that dogs in the Near East and Africa derive up to half of their ancestry from a distinct population related to modern southwest Eurasian wolves, reflecting either an independent domestication process or admixture from local wolves. None of the analysed ancient wolf genomes is a direct match for either of these dog ancestries, meaning that the exact progenitor populations remain to be located.

AB - The grey wolf (Canis lupus) was the first species to give rise to a domestic population, and they remained widespread throughout the last Ice Age when many other large mammal species went extinct. Little is known, however, about the history and possible extinction of past wolf populations or when and where the wolf progenitors of the present-day dog lineage (Canis familiaris) lived1–8. Here we analysed 72 ancient wolf genomes spanning the last 100,000 years from Europe, Siberia and North America. We found that wolf populations were highly connected throughout the Late Pleistocene, with levels of differentiation an order of magnitude lower than they are today. This population connectivity allowed us to detect natural selection across the time series, including rapid fixation of mutations in the gene IFT88 40,000–30,000 years ago. We show that dogs are overall more closely related to ancient wolves from eastern Eurasia than to those from western Eurasia, suggesting a domestication process in the east. However, we also found that dogs in the Near East and Africa derive up to half of their ancestry from a distinct population related to modern southwest Eurasian wolves, reflecting either an independent domestication process or admixture from local wolves. None of the analysed ancient wolf genomes is a direct match for either of these dog ancestries, meaning that the exact progenitor populations remain to be located.

U2 - 10.1038/s41586-022-04824-9

DO - 10.1038/s41586-022-04824-9

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 35768506

AN - SCOPUS:85133199579

VL - 607

SP - 313

EP - 320

JO - Nature

JF - Nature

SN - 0028-0836

IS - 7918

ER -